Evolution Korea
The economic crisis that swept across Asia led to a major rethinking of the traditional system of government, business alliances, and public management of risks. In Korea this required a change in the development paradigm.
In a controversial move, South Korea's government has requested textbook publishers to ignore calls to eliminate examples of evolution from science textbooks for high school students. This includes evidence for the evolution of horses and the bird ancestral Archaeopteryx.
1. Evolution and Religion
A South Korean creationist group has convinced textbook publishers to eliminate evidence of evolution from high school science texts. 에볼루션 바카라 체험 for Textbook Revise, an independent branch of the Korea Association for Creation Research that wants to rid biology textbooks of "atheist materialism," was behind the move. The STR asserts that such materialism creates an image of negativity for students, causing them to be skeptical.
Scientists across the globe expressed concerns when the STR campaign made headlines. Jae Choe, an evolutionary biologist at Ewha Womans University, Seoul and wrote an open letter to Nature's editor that South Korea had succumbed to religious prejudice. His colleagues backed him from around the country who formed an organization called Evolution Korea to organize an anti-textbook petition.
Some researchers are concerned that the STR could spread to other parts around the globe, including areas where creationism is on the rise. The letter to Nature warned that the anti-evolution movement will intensify pressure for revisions to textbooks in other countries, especially those with large Christian and Muslim populations.
South Korea has a particularly significant cultural context for the evolution debate. 26 percent of the country's citizens belong to a religious denomination and the majority adhere to Christianity or Buddhism. Additionally, a large portion of Koreans adhere to Ch'ondogyo, a philosophy founded on Confucian principles which emphasizes harmony in society and personal self-cultivation. Ch'ondogyo teaches that the human being is one with Hanulnim, the God of Sun and that the heavenly blessings are achievable by doing good deeds.
All of this has provided an ideal environment for the spread of creationism. Numerous studies have revealed that students who have religion-based backgrounds tend to feel more uncomfortable about learning about evolution than students who are not religious. However, the root causes of this phenomenon are unclear. One explanation is that students who have religious backgrounds tend to be as well-versed in scientific theories and concepts and are therefore more vulnerable to the influence of creationists. Another reason could be that students who have religious beliefs are more likely to view evolution as an atheistic concept and therefore less comfortable with it.
2. Evolution and Science
In recent years scientists have been concerned about anti-evolution initiatives in schools. A survey conducted in 2009 revealed that over 40 percent of Americans believe that biological evolution is wrong, and that a belief in it would be contrary to their convictions about religion. Despite the popularity of creationism in some states, a lot of scientists feel that the best method to counter this movement is not to actively engage in with it, but rather educate the public on the evidence that supports evolution.
Scientists have a duty to instruct their students in science, including the theory of evolution. They must also inform the public about the research process and the way in which knowledge is confirmed. They must also explain that theories of science are often challenged and re-examined. However, misinformation about the nature and purpose of scientific research can fuel anti-evolution views.
For instance, some people are able to confuse the term "theory" with the normal meaning of the word, which is a hunch or a guess. In science, however, a hypothesis is rigorously tested, and empirical data is used to verify it. A theory that has survived repeated testing and observation becomes a scientific principle.
The debate over evolutionary theory is a good occasion to discuss the importance of the scientific method and its limitations. It is essential to understand that science cannot provide answers to questions about life's purpose or meaning, but provides a mechanism for living things to grow and change.
Furthermore, a comprehensive education should include exposure to all major fields of science including evolutionary biology. This is essential because a variety of jobs and decisions require that people understand how science works.
The vast majority of scientists around world agree that humans have changed over time. In a recent study, which predicted the opinions of adults about the consensus on this subject those with higher levels of education and science knowledge were found to be more likely to believe that there is wide consensus among scientists on the evolution of humans. The people who have more religious beliefs but less scientific knowledge tend to disagree more. It is important that educators emphasize the importance of understanding this consensus, so that people can make informed choices about health care, energy usage and other policy issues.
3. Evolution and Culture
A close relative to mainstream evolutionary theory, cultural evolution focuses on the various ways that humans and other species learn from and with each other. Researchers in this field use explanation models and tools that are adapted from those employed by evolutionary theorists, and they look back to human prehistory to find out the origins of our capacity to learn about culture.
This approach also acknowledges the distinction between cultural and biological traits. While biological traits are generally inherited all at once (in sexual species, during fertilization) but cultural traits can be acquired over a lengthy period of time. The acquisition of one cultural characteristic may affect the development and growth of a different.
In Korea the introduction of Western style elements in the late nineteenth and early 20th century was the result of an elaborate sequence of events. One of the most important was the arrival in Korea of Japanese occupation forces who introduced Western hairstyles and clothes.
After that, when Japan departed Korea in the 1930s, a few of these trends began to revert. At the close of World War II, Korea had once again unified but this time under the rule of the Choson dynasty.
Today, Korea is a vibrant political and economic power. Despite the current global financial crisis, the economy of Korea has been growing steadily over the past decade and is set to maintain its steady growth in the future.
The current government is facing a variety of challenges. One of the biggest is its inability to find a coherent policy to address the economic crisis. The crisis has exposed shortcomings in the policies of the country particularly its dependence on exports and foreign investment which could not last.
The crisis has shaken the confidence of investors, the government has to review its economic strategy and come up with alternative ways to boost domestic demand. It will also have to revamp the incentive, monitoring, and disciplining systems that are in place to guarantee the stability of the financial system. This chapter offers a variety of scenarios of how the Korean economy might grow in a post-crisis environment.
4. Evolution and Education
The challenge for educators of evolution lies in how to teach evolutionary concepts that are appropriate for various ages and stages of development. Teachers must, for example be aware of the religious diversity in their classrooms and create a learning environment where students with both secular and religious beliefs feel comfortable. Moreover, teachers need to understand common misconceptions about evolution, and how to deal with these in their classrooms. Teachers must also have quick access to the numerous resources that can be used to teach evolution.
In this context, Thinking Evolutionarily Convocation played a significant role in bringing evolutionary researchers and educators from a variety of sectors to discuss best methods for teaching Evolution. The participants included representatives from scientific societies as well as educational researchers, officials from government funding agencies and curriculum designers. The convergence of these diverse groups helped to identify a shared set of recommendations that will serve as the basis for future actions.
It is essential to incorporate evolution in all science curricula at every level. To accomplish this it is recommended that the National Science Education Standards (NRC) require that evolution be taught in an integrated way across the life sciences with a progression of ideas that are developmentally appropriate. A new publication from the NRC provides guidelines to schools about how to integrate evolution into the life science curriculum.
Several studies have found that a more comprehensive teaching of evolution is linked to higher levels of student understanding and belief in evolution. It is difficult to determine causal effects in the classroom since the curriculum for schools do not change randomly and are dependent on the timing of the state board of education and the gubernatorial election. To overcome this issue I employ an ongoing dataset that gives me to control for state and years fixed effects as well as individual-level variations in the beliefs of teachers about evolutionary theory.
Teachers who are more comfortable in teaching evolution have fewer internal barriers. 에볼루션 슬롯 is consistent with the notion that a faculty with more confidence is less likely to avoid tackling evolution topics in the classroom and might be more likely employ strategies, such as the reconciliatory approach that has been proven to increase the acceptance of undergraduate students of evolution (Harms and Reiss, 2019; Tolman et al. 2020).